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EDUCATION: NCERT
CURRICULUM WARS
Same Old Politics
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THE INTEGRATOR: Rajput defends the curriculum
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In 1975, about half
a decade after the Kothari Commission put in place the present 10+2 system
of school education in India, NCERT framed the first National Curriculum
Framework for School Education. In 1988, two years after Rajiv Gandhi's
"New Education Policy", the second Curriculum Framework arrived.
NCERT has now produced the third.
No Curriculum Framework has evoked the controversy
of this one. Eduardo Faleiro, Congress MP and the convener of a cross-party
parliamentary forum on the "saffronisation of education", says
the Curriculum Framework is "unacceptable to those who cherish the
country's secular principles". The larger conflict is about the alleged
"pro-Hindutva" tilt being given to NCERT by J.S. Rajput, who
was appointed director two years ago.
Rajput's critics say his Framework was never
ratified by a conference of state education ministers, as the 1988 document
had been. The director argues that, for the first time, NCERT held regional
conferences on the Curriculum Framework to which states were invited.
In December 2000, the NCERT general body meeting that approved the draft
was attended by "nine state education ministers".
Others allege Faleiro and company are being
instigated by "left-leaning academics and the real battle may be
one for textbooks". In an internal note, Rajput has charged that
current history textbooks contain incendiary passages. He quotes from
Satish Chandra's description in Medieval India of Guru Tegh Bahadur's
killing by the Mughals: "According to Sikh tradition, the execution
was due to the intrigues of some members of his (the Guru's) family who
disputed his succession." Aggrieved Sikhs sued NCERT, Rajput says,
and Jains did likewise for an apparently derogatory reference to Mahavir
in Ram Sharan Gupta's Pracheen Bharat (Ancient India).
The new Curriculum Framework amalgamates history
with the other social sciences. So fresh, composite textbooks will be
needed. Nor will the course now end at 1947, it will extend to today's
India. Like Alladin's uncle, NCERT will have to offer new textbooks for
old. The implications are obvious.
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